真空断路器弹簧操动机构分闸弹簧的优化设计方法

doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2024.09.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

操动机构分闸弹簧设计时,为解决分闸弹簧出力特性和负载特性不匹配带来的分闸保持不住、分闸速度过大或过小等问题,提出一种分闸弹簧的优化设计方法。首先计算出分闸过程中的力矩与功,然后根据功能原理计算出各位移点的分闸速度,最后根据分闸速度和能量要求等因素对分闸弹簧进行优化。结果表明,优化后的分闸弹簧可使分闸过程中的出力特性和负载特性合理匹配,保证机构可靠分闸的同时,得到满足要求的分闸速度。通过理论计算和试验验证证明了所提优化方法的可行性,为真空断路器弹簧操动机构的分闸弹簧优化设计提供了有益指导。

关键词: 分闸弹簧, 真空断路器, 分闸速度, 优化设计, 功能原理, 可靠分闸

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem that the opening spring can’t be maintained and the opening speed is too large or too small due to the mismatch between the output and load characteristics of the opering spring when designing the opening spring of the operating mechanism, an optimization design method for the opening spring is proposed.Firstly, the torque and power during the opening process are calculated, and then the opening speed of each shift point is calculated according to the function principle.Finally, according to the speed and energy requirements and other factors, the opening spring is optimized.The optimized opening spring can make the output characteristics and load characteristics match reasonably during the opening process, ensure the reliable opening of the mechanism, and obtain the opening speed that meets the requirements.The feasibility of the optimization method is proved by theoretical calculation and experimental verification, which provides a useful guidance for the optimal design of the opening spring of the vacuum circuit breaker spring operating mechanism.

Key words: opening spring, vacuum circuit breaker, opening speed, optimization design, principle of work and energy, reliable switching

中图分类号:

TM561.2

李燕燕, 张杰, 王俊伟. 真空断路器弹簧操动机构分闸弹簧的优化设计方法[J]. 电器与能效管理技术, 2024, 0(9): 29-33.

LI Yanyan, ZHANG Jie, WANG Junwei. Optimal Design Method for Opening Spring of Vacuum Circuit Breaker Spring Operating Mechanism[J]. LOW VOLTAGE APPARATUS, 2024, 0(9): 29-33.

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参考文献 10

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参数	数值
触头弹簧初始力/N	2 800±100
触头弹簧终止力/N	3 900±100
灭弧室自闭力/N	250±60
额定开距下触头反力/N	360±60
运动部分质量/kg	2.5
平均分闸速度/(m·s^-1)	1.75±0.2

参数	数值	参数	数值
A_x/mm	-34	DE/mm	130
A_y/mm	207	AH/mm	55
AB/mm	43.5	AJ/mm	183.5
BC/mm	37	∠CDE	5°
CD/mm	163	∠JAH	29.8°

参数	数值	参数	数值
钢丝直径/mm	5.5	弹簧刚度	13
弹簧中径/mm	35	分闸位力值/N	553
有效圈数/圈	16	合闸位力值/N	1 086

E点位置	分闸弹簧		灭弧室		触头簧
	力矩/ (N·m)	做功/J	力矩/ (N·m)	做功/J	力矩/ (N·m)	做功/J
	12	78.7	0	0	0	188.0	0
11.5	81.1	2.5	0	0	202.4	6.0
10.5	84.5	6.9	0	0	219.3	17.4
9.5	86.7	10.9	0	0	225.5	27.9
8.5	88.2	14.7	0	0	224.0	37.5
7.5	89.0	18.2	-21.0	0	216.8	46.3
6	89.4	23.2	-23.0	-1.2	0	46.3
3	88.1	32.2	-26.7	-3.8	0	46.3
0	84.8	40.4	-29.4	-6.4	0	46.3
-3	80.0	47.8	-31.6	-9.2	0	46.3
-6	74.3	54.5	-33.3	-12.0	0	46.3
-9	67.8	60.7	-34.7	-15.0	0	46.3
-12	60.7	66.3	-35.7	-18.0	0	46.3

E点位置	分闸功/J	E点速度/ (m·s^-1)	刚分后0~14.5 mm 平均速度/(m·s^-1)
7.5	64.541	1.894	2.070
7	65.829	1.912
6	68.278	1.948
5	70.576	1.980
4	72.741	2.010
3	74.786	2.038
2	76.720	2.065
1	78.551	2.089
0	80.285	2.112
-1	81.928	2.133
-2	83.483	2.154
-3	84.953	2.172
-4	86.340	2.190
-5	87.648	2.207
-6	88.876	2.222
-7	90.027	2.236