基于并联电容的低压直流断路器机理分析

doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.08.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

低压直流配电网、光伏发电系统等低压直流系统对低压直流断路器(DCCB)的开断性能和经济性要求愈高,传统产品由于燃弧时间长、分断速度慢难以满足需求,需要研发新型低压直流断路器。针对基于并联电容实现电流转移的低压直流断路器,解析其工作机理构建电流转移过程的数学模型并实验验证准确性;探究影响转移电流大小的因素,提出外加横向磁场提升电流转移能力的方案且进行实验验证。所研究的低压直流断路器具有成本低、结构简单、开断速度较快的潜在优势,是新型低压直流断路器的重要研究方向。

关键词: 低压直流断路器, 并联电容, 真空灭弧室, 数学模型, 外加横向磁场

Abstract:

Some low voltage DC systems such as low-voltage DC distribution network and photovoltaic power generation system have increasingly high requirements for the breaking performance and economy of low voltage DC circuit breakers.The traditional lowvoltage DC circuit breaker characterized by long arc duration and slow breaking speed can not meet the demand, so it is necessary to develop a new type of low voltage DC circuit breaker.In view of the low voltage DC circuit breaker based on the shunt capacitance current transfer principle, the working principle are analyzed.The mathematical model of the current transfer process is established and the accuracy of the mathematical model is verified by experiments.The transfer current under different shunt capacitance values is explored.The method of improving the breaking ability of the DC circuit breaker by the action of the transverse magnetic field is proposed and verified by experiments.The researched low voltage DC circuit breaker has low cost, simple structure, fast breaking speed and high reliability, which can be an important reseach direction for new type low voltage DC circuit breaker.

Key words: low voltage DC circuit breaker, parallel capacitor, vacuum interrupter, mathematical models, external transverse magnetic field

中图分类号:

TM561

杨晨曦, 贾申利, 黄小龙, 申赛康. 基于并联电容的低压直流断路器机理分析[J]. 电器与能效管理技术, 2025, 0(8): 9-16.

YANG Chenxi, JIA Shenli, HUANG Xiaolong, SHEN Saikang. Mechanism Analysis of Low Voltage DC Circuit Breaker Based on Parallel Capacitor[J]. LOW VOLTAGE APPARATUS, 2025, 0(8): 9-16.

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C_z/μF	I_C_L/A	I_C_m/A	k_C/(A·s^-1)	误差/%
0.1	1.45	1.4	0.70×10⁶	3.60
1.0	4.53	5.0	1.58×10⁶	9.40
10.0	13.50	14.4	1.38×10⁶	6.25
100.0	43.80	40.0	1.60×10⁶	9.50
820.0	146.00	135.0	2.00×10⁶	8.10