电器与能效管理技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5): 44-50.doi: 10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.05.007

• 电弧检测与研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

航空230 V变频交流接触器气体与真空电弧特性影响机理研究

杨楠, 陈均   

  1. 贵州天义电器有限责任公司, 贵州 遵义 563000
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-06 出版日期:2026-05-30 发布日期:2026-06-09
  • 作者简介:杨 楠(1973—),男,研究员级高级工程师,主要从事继电器、接触器和控制装置产品研究。|陈 均(1982—),男,正高级工程师,主要从事继电器和接触器产品研究。

Study on Influence Mechanisms of Gas and Vacuum Media Arc Characteristics for Aviation 230 V Variable-Frequency AC Contactors

YANG Nan, CHEN Jun   

  1. Guizhou Tianyi Electrical Co., Ltd., Zunyi 563000, China
  • Received:2026-01-06 Online:2026-05-30 Published:2026-06-09

摘要:

针对航空230 V变频交流接触器在气体与真空介质中的电弧特性展开系统研究,分析了不同气体介质、气压、触头材料及电流频率对电弧特性与灭弧性能的影响。通过搭建专用实验平台,对比了氢气H2、氩气Ar、氦气He、氮气N2等气体的灭弧性能,系统研究了气压变化对H2电弧特性的影响规律,评估了多种触头材料的抗烧蚀性能,并深入探讨了真空环境下触头直径、材料及电流频率对电弧分断能力的影响机制。研究结果表明,H2具有最优的灭弧性能,其稳态燃弧电压达60 V,显著高于其他气体介质;CuCr系列材料在抗烧蚀与分断能力方面表现突出,是理想的触头材料;电流频率在360~800 Hz范围内对电弧能量、截流值及分断能力具有显著影响,其中600 Hz附近为分断能力最弱频段。本研究建立了较为完整的电弧特性数据库,为航空变频交流接触器的优化设计提供了重要的理论与实验依据。

关键词: 航空接触器, 变频交流, 电弧特性, 气体介质, 真空灭弧, 触头材料, 频率特性

Abstract:

A systematic investigation is conducted on the arc characteristics of aviation 230 V variable-frequency AC contactors in gas and vacuum media,with the influence of different gas media,gas pressure,contact materials,and current frequency on arc characteristics and arc-extinguishing performance analyzed.By building a dedicated experimental platform,the arc-extinguishing performance of hydrogen,argon,helium,nitrogen,and other gases was compared.The influence of pressure variations on the arc characteristics of hydrogen was systematically analyzed,the ablation resistance of various contact materials was evaluated,and the impact of contact diameter,materials,and current frequency on arc interruption capability in a vacuum environment was thoroughly investigated.The results indicate that hydrogen exhibits optimal arc-extinguishing performance,with a steady-state arcing voltage of 60 V,significantly higher than other gas media.The CuCr series materials demonstrate outstanding performance in ablation resistance and interruption capability,making them ideal contact materials.The current frequency in the range of 360~800 Hz has a significant impact on arc energy,chopping current,and interruption capability,with the vicinity of 600 Hz being the weakest frequency band for interruption capability.A relatively complete database of arc characteristics is established,providing important theoretical and experimental basis for the optimized design of aviation variable-frequency AC contactors.

Key words: aviation contactor, variable-frequency AC, arc characteristics, gas medium, vacuum arc-extinguishing, contact material, frequency characteristics

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