Loading...

Table of Content

    30 January 2026, Volume 0 Issue 1
    Overview
    A Comprehensive Review of Performance Degradation Analysis Methods for Micro-Electromagnetic Relays
    TAN Li, WANG Zhaobin
    2026, 0(1):  1-8.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.001
    Asbtract ( 60 )   HTML ( 9)   PDF (1785KB) ( 35 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    The current research status regarding the performance degradation of micro-electromagnetic relays is elaborated.The characteristics and applicability of existing performance degradation analysis methods for micro-electromagnetic relays are systematically collated and comparatively analyzed,and the applications of analytical methods such as fault tree analysis (FTA),simulation modeling and machine vision are comprehensively reviewed.Based on an in-depth review of recent research literature,the advantages and disadvantages of existing analytical methods are systematically summarized,thereby providing effective strategies and improvement ideas for enhancing the reliability of power systems.Although various methods can achieve the performance degradation analysis of micro-electromagnetic relays to a certain extent,there are still significant differences in accuracy,applicability and usability.The future research direction is focused on integrating image processing and deep learning technologies, achieving the automatic extraction of defect features and monitoring of dynamic electrical parameters,and establishing the mapping relationship between physical defects and performance degradation,so as to improve the practicality and applicability of the analysis.

    Research & Analysis
    Study on Coil Transient Voltage Suppression Methods for Contactors
    GAO Mingyuan, HE Yubin, GU Zhihao, ZHANG Chao, REN Wanbin
    2026, 0(1):  9-15.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.002
    Asbtract ( 67 )   HTML ( 3)   PDF (1472KB) ( 29 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    Reverse transient voltage is generated during the de-energization of contactor coils,which may cause damage to the coil control circuit.Transient voltage suppression circuits are constructed respectively based on Zener diodes and varistors.The coil voltage waveforms and release time characteristics under different clamping voltages are compared and analyzed experimentally.It is found that the decrease of clamping voltage significantly prolongs the contactor release time,and under the same clamping voltage,the varistor-based suppression circuit results in a shorter release time compared with the Zener diode-based suppression circuit.

    Improvement of Arc-Extinguishing Performance of Small DC Circuit Breakers Based on Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation
    JU Jiaqi, LI Jing, LI Ziqi
    2026, 0(1):  16-24.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.003
    Asbtract ( 67 )   HTML ( 3)   PDF (2222KB) ( 22 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    To enhance the arc-extinguishing performance of small DC circuit breakers,the principles related to DC arcs are reviewed,and three types of arc splitter plates with different lengths are designed.Modeling and simulation are carried out on the arc chamber of a specific small DC circuit breaker before and after improvement.The simulation results show that the arc-extinguishing performance of the improved arc chamber is better than that of the original one.Under different inlet velocities,the higher the inlet velocity,the better the arc-extinguishing performance.Three types of test prototypes are manufactured,and electrical endurance tests are conducted in accordance with GB/T 14048.2—2020 Low-Voltage Switchgear and ControlgearPart 2: Circuit breakers.The make-break time of each opening and closing operation is recorded and averaged.The test results show that the average make-break time of the prototype with the improved arc chamber is shorter,and the average make-break time of the prototype with gas-generating material placed above the moving and stationary contacts is also shorter.The consistency between the simulation and test results is verified,which provides a reference for product performance optimization.

    Electrical Life Improvement of Balanced Force Relay Based on Digital Prototype Model
    LI Xinyan, WU Jiangtao, HAN Yingzhu, LIANG Huimin, SONG Qi
    2026, 0(1):  25-31.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.004
    Asbtract ( 47 )   HTML ( 2)   PDF (1634KB) ( 15 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    Aiming to address poor consistency and short electrical life of a 1/2 in3 balanced force relay of a manufacturer,research on improving the electrical life of balanced force relays is conducted.Firstly,the failure mechanism of products with electrical life failure is analyzed,and the root cause of relay life termination is determined through the analysis of arcing time,action process and suction-reaction force matching.Then,a digital prototype of the relay is established to realize the static characteristic simulation of suction and reaction force;on this basis,the key parameters of the electromagnetic system and contact spring system are optimized to achieve good suction-reaction force matching.Finally,high-temperature electrical life tests are conducted on the optimized relay prototypes.The test results show that the electrical life of the optimized products is effectively improved,and the optimization goal is achieved.

    Study on the Influence of Contact Breaking Speed on Arc Duration of High-Power DC Relays
    CAI Ming, MA Wei, WANG Jianxiong
    2026, 0(1):  32-37.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.005
    Asbtract ( 52 )   HTML ( 4)   PDF (1219KB) ( 21 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    A high-power DC relay is taken as the research object.The contact movement after contact separation is measured by physical prototypes.By changing the contact breaking speed,the arc duration and the duration of each stage of DC arc under different breaking speeds are recorded.The results show that after the contact separation of the high-power DC relay,the contact breaking speed decreases to zero when the contact reaches the maximum opening distance after complex regular changes.The maximum contact breaking speed directly indicates the breaking capacity of the contact for high-power DC loads.The improvement of the maximum contact breaking speed can significantly shorten the liquid metal bridge and metal-phase arc periods,effectively increase the breaking times of the high-power DC relay for high-power DC loads and improve the insulation performance after breaking,which is of positive significance for the breaking of high-power DC loads.

    Research on the Construction and Application of Trusted Data Space in the Combined Operation of Hydro-Wind-Solar-Storage Systems in Multi-Basin Provinces
    WANG Shengkai, LIU Yangyang, WANG Xiaoxiao, LIU Chenliang, ZHAO Tan
    2026, 0(1):  38-48.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.006
    Asbtract ( 48 )   HTML ( 2)   PDF (4618KB) ( 13 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    Aiming at the issues of trust deficits in cross-domain data aggregation and sharing,as well as difficulties in integrating multi-disciplinary models during the cross-basin/provincial coordinated dispatch and trading of hydro-wind-solar-storage resources,a cross-domain data sharing management technology based on a trusted data space is proposed to achieve secure aggregation and sharing of multi-entity hydro-wind-solar-storage data. First, an overall framework for cross-domain multi-entity hydro-wind-solar-storage data sharing management is constructed.Subsequently,a data management mechanism characterized by “on-chain certification,off-chain storage,and contract-based control” is established.This mechanism ensures data integrity and traceability by storing data fingerprints on the blockchain,thereby enabling the trusted collection,efficient circulation,and collaborative analysis of multi-source data,including hydropower,wind power,photovoltaic,and energy storage data.Finally,a multi-dimensional performance evaluation of the constructed trusted data space demonstrates that it achieves 100% accuracy in access control policy effectiveness and a 100% detection rate against tampering.Moreover,with the optimized consensus mechanism, transaction latency is significantly reduced and throughput rate is greatly improved.The results verify its capability to effectively resolve data trust challenges in cross-domain energy coordination,underscoring its critical importance for advancing the digital and intelligent development of the new power system.

    Wide-Frequency Resonance Damping Enhancement Strategy for Energy Storage Converters
    MEI Haihua, CHEN Nan, YANG Lukai, LI Hongde, ZHU Mingzhe
    2026, 0(1):  49-57.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.007
    Asbtract ( 56 )   HTML ( 3)   PDF (3155KB) ( 17 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    In response to the increasingly prominent issue of wide-frequency resonance in power grids with high penetration of renewable energy integration,a wide-frequency resonance damping enhancement strategy based on energy storage converters is proposed.An adaptively adjusted virtual impedance is introduced into the control loop in this strategy,which enables the energy storage converter to effectively absorb the resonance energy induced by other converters at the point of common coupling (PCC) while completing the predetermined power dispatch task,thus achieving the effect of wide-frequency resonance damping.Firstly,a control strategy for the energy storage converter is constructed,and an impedance model is established based on virtual synchronous machines.Secondly,a resonance damping control method based on the active damping principle is proposed.Finally,a design method for adaptive adjustment of virtual impedance is proposed,and its impact on the stability of other converters at the PCC is analyzed.Experimental results show that the method proposed has good suppression capability for wide-frequency resonance issues.

    A High-Voltage Start-Up Power Supply Circuit with Overvoltage Protection
    DENG Ke, ZHAO Gang
    2026, 0(1):  58-65.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.008
    Asbtract ( 46 )   HTML ( 2)   PDF (2129KB) ( 20 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    To address the limitations of conventional start-up power supply solutions (such as shunt-regulated circuits and linear-regulated circuits) in high-voltage switching power supply systems,which are plagued by low efficiency and sustained high-voltage stress on power devices,a novel high-voltage start-up power supply circuit is proposed by sorting out existing technical bottlenecks and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of mainstream solutions in the field.Enhanced efficiency and reliability are achieved by adopting three key improvements in the proposed circuit:a two-stage power supply mechanism combining a linear regulator and an auxiliary power supply,dynamic hysteresis control based on an operational amplifier and a voltage divider network,and an integrated overvoltage protection unit.A prototype circuit is fabricated based on SIMetrix simulation data.Experimental results indicate that the efficiency of the prototype circuit is increased from 30%~40% of the conventional scheme to 72%.The rationality and feasibility of the proposed scheme are verified by both simulation validation and prototype circuit tests.

    Simulation Technology
    Simulation Study on Static and Dynamic Characteristics of Square Permanent Magnet Mechanism
    HAN Wei, ZHU Zhongjian, QIU Zhongjun, ZHAO Wei, YANG Jun
    2026, 0(1):  66-70.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.009
    Asbtract ( 56 )   HTML ( 1)   PDF (1637KB) ( 21 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    Permanent magnet mechanisms are widely applied in switchgear such as circuit breakers and serve as core executive components of switchgear.A 3D model of the square permanent magnet mechanism is established,and simulation analysis is performed based on this model.The magnetic field distribution and electromagnetic attraction force on the moving iron core of the square permanent magnet mechanism under the opening and closing conditions are acquired.Subsequently,to investigate the dynamic performance, simulation calculations of the opening and closing characteristics of the square permanent magnet mechanism are conducted under different electromagnetic coil parameters and supply voltage.Corresponding dynamic characteristic curves are thus derived.Comparative analysis is conducted with the test results of the experimental prototype,which verifies the correctness of the simulations for the static and dynamic characteristics of the square permanent magnet mechanism.

    Analysis on the Impact of Increasing Data Center Ambient Temperature to 32 ℃ on the Reliability of Miniature Circuit Breakers in Existing AC Header Cabinets
    YANG Rui, LI Xiaofeng, CHEN Jiajun, XU Nanjun
    2026, 0(1):  71-75.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.010
    Asbtract ( 49 )   HTML ( 1)   PDF (1143KB) ( 13 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    To solve the problems of high cooling energy consumption and difficulty in Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) optimization in data centers,AC header cabinets in existing data centers are taken as the research subject.The impact of increasing ambient temperature to 32 ℃ on the operational reliability of miniature circuit breakers (MCBs) in the feeder branches of header cabinets is focused on,and the feasibility of reducing PUE by raising temperature is explored.ABB S200 series MCBs with a high market share are selected.Firstly,the rated current requirements of the AC header cabinets are calculated through formulas.Then,a thermal model of the header cabinet is established using Ansys software,and the internal temperature under 32 ℃ ambient temperature is simulated.The results show that the temperature at the installation position of the feeder MCBs is 40~45 ℃.Subsequently,combined with GB/T 10963.1—2020 Electrical accessoriesCircuit breakers for overcurrent protection for household and similar installationsPart 1: Circuit-breakers for a.c. operation and product specifications,the possibility of misoperation of the feeder MCBs is analyzed theoretically.Finally,experimental verification is performed on 45 MCBs (divided into 5 groups) under the conditions of 40 ℃/45 ℃ ambient temperatures and 0.85In/1.05In loads.The results show that increasing the ambient temperature of the data center to 32 ℃ does not cause misoperation of the MCBs in the feeder branches of the header cabinet,nor does it affect the power supply reliability.

    Application
    Research and Application of Key Technologies for Environmentally Friendly Gas-Insulated Ring Main Units
    LIAO Tianming, ZHAO Jinliang, SHEN Jinhua, WANG Chengyi
    2026, 0(1):  76-81.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.01.011
    Asbtract ( 41 )   HTML ( 1)   PDF (2053KB) ( 36 )  
    Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

    With the large-scale integration of new energy sources represented by electric vehicle charging piles and distributed photovoltaics into the Shanghai distribution network,traditional sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas-insulated ring main units (RMUs) equipped with load switches are increasingly unable to meet the requirements of new energy connection.To meet the core demands of reliability and intelligence for environmentally friendly gas-insulated RMUs,research on structural optimization and key digital technologies is carried out.In terms of structural design,type tests at 0 bar gauge pressure are passed through the optimization of electric field fillets,shield rings,and the spatial arrangement of copper bars,thus improving the insulation reliability of environmentally friendly gases.For the development of the digital and intelligent system,a collaborative architecture of “cable fault indicator—TTU—IoT master station” is adopted,which enables active emergency repair responses within 1 minute after the occurrence of ring network faults.The results of 18 months of operation of the developed prototype in Shanghai show that the power supply reliability rate is increased by 0.08%,and the annual average operation and maintenance working hours are reduced by 32%.The research results provide an engineering practice paradigm for the selection of environmentally friendly switchgear in urban distribution networks under the “dual carbon” goals.