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Table of Content

    30 December 2025, Volume 0 Issue 12
    Research & Analysis
    Power Quality Disturbance Identification Based on Knowledge Distillation and Incremental Learning
    DING Feng, QIN Chao, XUE Minjuan, WU Yiran, SHI Tianling, WANG Fei
    2025, 0(12):  1-8.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.12.001
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    To accurately and quickly identify power quality disturbances, a convolutional neural network model combining knowledge distillation and incremental learning is proposed. First, a teacher model with high identification accuracy is constructed, and the identification knowledge of the teacher model for the old categories is effectively transferred to the student model through knowledge distillation technology. Then, by improving the traditional knowledge distillation loss function and introducing a dynamic weight mechanism, the student model achieves efficient distillation of old knowledge and enables incremental learning of new knowledge. Compared with the conventional deep learning model, the proposed model adapts to new disturbances without full retraning, which can significantly reduce the training time and saves computing resources while ensuring high identification accuracy.

    Research on Data-Driven Power Grid Electricity-Carbon Collaborative Management and Control Technology
    QIAO Jibin, LIU Dong
    2025, 0(12):  9-16.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.12.002
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    In response to the problems in the current power grid operation field, such as weak carbon sensing capability, lack of carbon trace records, absence of a carbon evaluation index system, and insufficient carbon traceability technical means, the construction of a power grid electricity-carbon collaborative management and control platform to achieve intelligent analysis and decision support for power grid carbon trajectories is proposed. First, the overall architecture of the platform is built. Then, in-depth research is conducted on the key technologies of electricity-carbon collaborative management and control, focusing on improving the accuracy of carbon emission analysis and the capability of carbon data value mining. Finally, experiments are carried out to verify the platform’s functions of low-carbon dispatching optimization and real-time carbon emission monitoring. The results show that the proposed platform can effectively support the real-time monitoring of power grid carbon emissions, provide the accurate decision-making basis for low-carbon dispatching, significantly improve the effectiveness of power grid carbon management and control, and lay a technical foundation for the evaluation of carbon emission reduction potential.

    Joint Optimal Dispatch Strategy for Units Based on Master-Slave Game Considering Uncertainty of Wind and Solar Power
    WANG Qingyuan, LYU Lanxin, ZHANG Fa, YANG Di, LI Xinzheng
    2025, 0(12):  17-24.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.12.003
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    In order to improve the economy and reliability of a high proportion of new energy power system, a joint optimal dispatch strategy for units based on master-slave game considering the uncertainty of wind and solar power is proposed. Firstly, the transformer long short-term memory(LSTM)hybrid model is constructed to predict the wind and solar power output, and the Wasserstein distance is used to establish the dynamic confidence interval to describe the uncertainty of wind and solar power output. Secondly, a two-level game model between wind and solar power generators and thermal power units is established, and the risk premium and the penalty mechanism of wind and solar abandonment are introduced to optimize the output plan and reserve capacity. Finally, a case study is conducted. The results show that the proposed strategy can effectively reduce the wind and solar curtailment rate and improve the operation economy of the system, which provides a solution for the uncertain optimal dispatch of high proportion of new energy power systems.

    A Coordinated Planning Model for Wind-Solar Capacity Ratio Considering both Accommodation and Supply Preservation
    TIAN Xiaoyu, ZHAI Wenhui, KANG Pengpeng, YANG Guixing, SUN Yiqian, GUAN Qi
    2025, 0(12):  25-33.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.12.004
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    With the in-depth advancement of the construction of new power systems, ensureing the accomodation of wind and solar energy while maintaining the stable power supply of the power system has become a key challenge in the coordinated planning of wind-solar capacity ratios. First, a systematic analysis framework covering data processing, model input, modeling solution, and result output is built. Secondly, taking into account constraints such as the volatility of new energy output and equipment operation, a planning model with the goal of economic optimization is constructed, and the power abandonment rate and power shortage rate are proposed as evaluation indicators. Finally, the effects of different wind-solar ratios on the new energy absorption level and system power supply capacity are analyzed through examples. The results show that a reasonable wind-solar ratio can effectively improve the resource absorption capacity and optimize the economy while ensuring power supply.

    Research on Eddy Current Detection Method Based on Improved Random Forest
    LI Ye, LIU Guohui, LI Xin, WU Shunqiang
    2025, 0(12):  34-39.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.12.005
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    To ensure the structural safety in smart grid construction, the accurate information on the diameter of steel bars in concrete structure can be obtained by effective detection methods. According, an improved random forest eddy current detection method for predicting the steel diameter is proposed. The principal component analysis(PCA) is used to reduce the dimensionality of features, eliminate the redundant information and highlight the key features. At the same time, the K-nearest neighbors(KNN) algorithm is introduced to optimize the leaf node prediction of the random forest model, thereby improving its generalization ability and robustness. The sample data is collected by constructing a finite element model with the help of Ansys Maxwell electromagnetic simulation software, and mean square error(MSE), mean absolute error(MAE) and mean absolute percentage error(MAPE) are adopted as evaluation indexes. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significantly higher prediction accuracy than the traditional random forest model on the test set. The proposed method has been shown to effectively enhance the performance of the random forest model, demonstrating the advantages of high efficiency and accuracy in the non-destructive testing of steel bar diameter in smart grid construction, with the wide application potential in practical engineering.

    Chaotic Feature-Based Analysis of Time-Domain Parameters for On-Load Tap Changer Vibration Signals
    ZHANG Xiaoping, SHI Wei, YANG Ruilin
    2025, 0(12):  40-48.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.12.006
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    As the sole movable component in power transformers, the on-load tap changer (OLTC) plays a crucial role in security of power system. However, owing to frequent operation and harsh working conditions, the OLTC has become one of the most vulnerable parts of power transformers. Based on the existing fault diagnosis methods, a method analyzing time-domain feature parameters of OLTC vibration signals based on chaotic features is proposed. Starting from the chaotic features of OLTC vibration signals, the signals are reconstructed in a high-dimensional space and their geometric characteristics are extracted. Several chaotic features, including the correlation dimension, largest Lyapunov exponent, and Kolmogorov entropy, are calculated to construct a multidimensional feature space. Finally, K-means clustering is applied to explore the fault diagnosis in OLTCs. The results show that the method can effectively distinguish among different types of OLTC faults. However, when the fault severity is taken into account, the diagnostic effect needs to be further improved.

    Energy Storage Technology
    Research on Dual-Layer Optimal Configuration of Energy Storage Based on Distributed Photovoltaic Grid Connection
    YANG Xin
    2025, 0(12):  49-58.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.12.007
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    In response to the intermittent and fluctuating challenges brought about by the large-scale integration of distributed photovoltaic power into the distribution network, a dual-layer optimal configuration method for energy storage is proposed. The upper-level model aims at maximizing comprehensive economic benefits and optimizes the determination of the capacity and installation location of the energy storage system. The lower-level model aims to minimize the operation cost of the system and optimizes the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage system. The solution method combining the particle swarm optimization algorithm with mixed integer linear programming is adopted to achieve the coordinated optimization of the two-layer model. The case analysis results show that the proposed method can effectively increase the photovoltaic consumption rate by 15.3%, reduce the network loss by 12.8%, and enable the net present value of the entire life cycle of the energy storage system to reach 3.265 million yuan with an internal rate of return of 11.8%. The research verifies the economic effectiveness of the dual-layer optimized configuration strategy, and provides theoretical support and practical reference for the energy storage configuration of high-proportion distributed photovoltaic grid connection.

    Economic Calculation Model for Peak-Valley Arbitrage of User Side Energy Storage in Zhejiang Province Considering Basic Electricity Charges
    HE Ping, LIU Wei, NING Xinfu, YE Jianfeng, LIU Da, ZHU Yuhao
    2025, 0(12):  59-66.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.12.008
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    Under the dual carbon goals, energy storage has become a key link in the construction of new power systems. User-side energy storage has attracted widespread attention in recent years due to its characteristics of small scale, diverse scenarios, and flexibility. At present, the revenue model for user-side energy storage is primarily based on peak-valley arbitrage. However, the existing research has not developed a comprehensive economic evaluation model, particularly lacking an analysis of changes in the basic capacity electricity charges for users. Therefore, based on the operational modes of energy storage systems, an economic benefit evaluation model considering basic electricity charges is constructed, focusing on measuring the impact of basic electricity charges on revenue. The research indicates that the control strategy of energy storage systems and the basic electricity charges are important factors affecting economic benefits. Finally, by analyzing energy storage projects that have already been put into operation, the accuracy of the models and conclusions proposed is validated.

    Research on Simulation of Liquid Hydrogen Leakage and Diffusion in Hydrogen Refueling Stations
    MA Wenjin, ZENG Qiquan, LIAO Huosheng, LIU Shixue, ZHANG Shuxing
    2025, 0(12):  67-75.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.12.009
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    The diffusion behavior of dangerous hydrogen gas after a continuous liquid hydrogen leakage in a hydrogen refueling station is researched, which can provide the thearetical basis for safety protection design. It is assumed that a medium aperture leak occurred in a liquid hydrogen storage tank under 10 m/s westerly wind conditions, and the direction of the leak is the same as the wind direction. A 220 m length calculation domain and a hydrogen refueling station model in the downwind direction based on Fluent soft are established. A 100 s transient numerical simulation of liquid hydrogen leakage phase transition and diffusion is completed. The results indicated that the flammable hydrogen cloud reached its maximum diffusion distance of 83.77 m at 54 s and then stabilized, the vertical diffusion height of the hazardous hydrogen cloud does not exceed 10 m, and the explosive and low-temperature hydrogen clouds are confined within the U-shaped wall. Therefore, in the future the safety protection radius for flammable gases at liquid hydrogen refueling stations should not be less than 83.77 m. It is necessary to strictly reduce the layout of equipment around liquid hydrogen storage tanks and focus on the protection of the space below 10 m of the refueling station.

    Application
    Simulation of Low-Carbon Transition Path in Gansu Province Based on System Dynamics
    FAN Haifeng, WANG Tingting
    2025, 0(12):  76-83.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2025.12.010
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    Gansu is an important ecological barrier region in China, and accelerating the low-carbon transition of the energy system is an inevitable choice to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality as scheduled. Based on the system dynamics theory and the actual development of Gansu Province, a causal chain and a low carbon transition path simulation model containing three subsystems:energy demand, carbon emission and carbon trading is constructed. Based on the results of variable sensitivity analysis, four single-parameter regulation schemes of GDP growth rate, energy structure, production structure and carbon trading policy as well as a comprehensive regulation scheme are formulated. The carbon reduction effects of the above regulation schemes are clarified through the dynamic simulation. On this basis, the main path of low-carbon transition in Gansu province is proposed, providing the support for the realization of the “dual carbon”goal.