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Table of Content

    30 July 2026, Volume 0 Issue 7
    Research & Analysis
    Lightweight DC Series Arc Fault Detection in PV Systems Using Machine Learning with Feature Optimization
    Wang Yao, Md Shoriful Islam, Liu Jiahui, Sheng Dejie, Zhang Zizhe
    2026, 0(7):  1-12.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.07.001
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    DC series arc faults (SAFs) in photovoltaic (PV) systems are a significant concern due to potential causes such as loose connectors and damaged cable insulation.These faults pose serious fire risks and can lead to increased operational costs.A lightweight machine learning (ML) framework for real-time SAF detection is proposed,with feature optimization adopted to balance detection accuracy and computational efficiency.A hybrid set of 44 time-frequency features is extracted via a 6-level Daubechies-4 wavelet transform combined with time-domain analysis.Four different optimization strategies are evaluated,with XGBoost feature importance (XGB_FI) showing superior performance by reducing the features to 12 key indicators.The Optuna-optimized XGBoost model achieved 99.94% accuracy during 10-fold cross-validation.When deployed on a Raspberry Pi 4B,it achieved 99.90% accuracy on 4 000 unseen samples,with an inference time of just 3.07 ms per sample,which meets the latency requirments specified in UL 1699B—2018 standard for safety for photovoltaic (PV) DC arc-fault circuit protection latency requirements.Effective identification of SAF can be realized by the proposed method.

    Current-Sharing Control and Integrated Magnetics Design for Two-Phase Interleaved Parallel LLC Resonant Converter
    Wang Lebin, Zhang Liping, Liu Huangming
    2026, 0(7):  13-20.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.07.002
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    To address output-current imbalance in a two-phase interleaved parallel LLC resonant converter,a phase-shift-based current-sharing strategy is proposed.Firstly,an analytical expression of the voltage gain under phase-shift modulation is derived,theoretically confirming the feasibility of achieving current sharing.Secondly,to reduce the volume of magnetic components and improve power density,an integrated magnetics design is developed for the converter.Finally,a 1 kW/48 V prototype is built and comparative experiments are conducted between discrete magnetics and integrated magnetics implementations.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed phase-shift current-sharing control together with the integrated magnetics scheme can limit the current imbalance between the two phases to within 5%.Compared with the discrete magnetics solution,the magnetic-component volume is reduced by 7.1% and the converter efficiency is improved by 0.7%,validating the rationality and feasibility of the theoretical analysis and design.

    Research and Application of Load Regulation Optimization Method Based on Characteristics of the New-Type Power System
    Fang Jiayun
    2026, 0(7):  21-25.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.07.003
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    Aiming at the “double-high” characteristics of new-type power systems with high penetration of renewable energy and high proportion of connected power electronic equipment,as well as the regulation difficulties caused by the volatility and intermittency of new energy generation and large-scale access of electric vehicles,a load regulation optimization method considering the characteristics of new-type power systems is proposed.Accurate day-ahead forecasting of new energy generation is realized via back propagation (BP) neural network,and forecasting of conventional station-area power loads is completed by time-series neural network.A calculation model for electric vehicle charging demand is constructed to estimate the charging demand of electric vehicles in the station area.Finally,combined with the temporal characteristics of new energy generation and conventional loads,an optimization strategy for user-side load regulation is designed.Accurate matching between electric vehicle charging schedules,the peak output of new energy generation and the valley value of conventional loads is achieved,and technical support is provided for the stable operation of new-type power systems and the realization of the “dual carbon” goals.

    Optimal Scheduling Strategy Design of Integrated Energy System Based on Distributed Feature Learning and Adaptive Harris Hawks Algorithm
    Wang Lu, Du Jianning
    2026, 0(7):  26-32.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.07.004
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    Aiming at the problem that the accuracy and efficiency of traditional optimal scheduling methods are insufficient under complex conditions,an intelligent scheduling strategy based on distributed feature learning and adaptive Harris hawks optimization algorithm is presented.Distributed feature learning is used to deeply mine the operation rules in the historical data,and the adaptive mechanism and chaos factor are introduced into the Harris Hawks algorithm to achieve an effective balance between the global search ability and the local search ability.The experimental results show that the scheduling accuracy and efficiency of this strategy are more than 99%,which is significantly better than the comparison strategy,and the operation cost and energy consumption are effectively reduced,which lays a foundation for the safe and stable operation of the integrated energy system.

    Research on Qualification of Marine Electrical Equipment in Nuclear Power Environments
    Zhang Guohui, Shan Chunzheng
    2026, 0(7):  33-39.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.07.005
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    Qualification of marine electrical equipment in nuclear environments is a critical technical link for ensuring nuclear safety.The fundamental methods for nuclear equipment qualification,including type testing,service experience,and analysis methods are systematically reviewed,and the technical requirements for K1,K2 and K3 qualification procedures are elaborated.By comparing the differences between marine and nuclear environments,supplementary qualification test items required for applying marine electrical equipment in nuclear settings are proposed,such as thermal aging tests,operational aging tests,seismic tests,and shock tests.The test results indicate that,in addition to meeting the environmental requirements of national military standards,marine electrical equipment must undergo nuclear-specific aging tests and seismic qualification to ensure functional reliability in different zones inside and outside the nuclear power plant containment.The results provide a technical reference for the nuclear-grade qualification of marine electrical equipment and holds significant importance for ensuring the safe operation of shipboard nuclear power systems.

    Line Parameter Identification Protection Based on Two-Port Network Model
    Xiao Yuanqing, Feng Xiaohu, Xu Kehan, Huang Jinlong, Zhao Yue
    2026, 0(7):  40-49.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.07.006
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    To address the challenge of insufficient sensitivity in line protection within novel distribution systems,a distribution network line protection scheme based on impedance parameter identification of two-port network model is put forward.A key feature of this scheme is its immunity to power source characteristics.The distribution line,bounded by the protection installations at both ends,is modeled as a linear network equivalent without independent power sources.The characteristics of network impedance parameters under normal operation,external fault conditions and internal fault conditions are analyzed,and key identification parameters are extracted.This enables effective discrimination between different operating states of the distribution line.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme accurately operates during internal faults,effectively avoids mal-operation during external faults and system oscillation conditions,and enhances the reliability and sensitivity of distribution protection devices.The scheme is well-suited to meet the line protection requirements of novel distribution systems with extensive integration of distributed generation.

    Research on Fast Self-Healing System of Distribution Network Based on 5G and Dynamic Topology Reconfiguration
    Peng Wei
    2026, 0(7):  50-54.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.07.007
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    With the large-scale integration of distributed generators such as photovoltaic and wind power, traditional passive radial distribution networks are transformed into active complex networks,which fundamentally change fault characteristics and causes overcurrent-based protection to suffer from over-reaching tripping,thus reducing power supply reliability. Based on topology analysis and dynamic topology reconfiguration, a rapid self-healing scheme consisting of dynamic regional protection construction, 5G communication networking and master station coordinated control is put forward. The scheme is verified via simulation and field pilot applications.Test indicators show that the operation time of regional protection is ≤30 ms, the isolation accuracy of single-phase ground faults reaches ≥95%,and fault self-healing time is shortened from minutes to seconds. The proposed scheme greatly improves distribution network resilience and renewable energy accommodation capacity.

    Energy Storage Technology
    Capacity Optimization Configuration Strategy for MMC-MG Hybrid Energy Storage Based on BES-FMD
    Zhang Xin, Yu Chunyan, Zhao Shaowei, Guo Yongji
    2026, 0(7):  55-63.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.07.008
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    For the modular multilevel converter half-bridge series microgrid (MMC-MG) operating in island mode,a capacity optimization configuration method for hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) is proposed,leveraging its structural characteristics based on an improved feature mode decomposition (FMD) algorithm.Initially,the reference power of the hybrid energy storage system is used to optimize FMD parameters via the bald eagle search (BES) algorithm,decomposing the power to be smoothed into high-frequency and low-frequency components.These components are then mitigated by supercapacitors and lithium batteries,respectively.Finally,considering battery charge-discharge constraints and minimizing the total lifecycle cost as the objective,the capacity is optimized to achieve cost minimization.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme effectively reduces the cost of capacity configuration while achieving coordinated power management in hybrid energy storage systems.

    Electrical Design & Discussion
    Design of Fluxgate Type B Residual Current Sensor
    Lin Weijian, Bao Guanghai
    2026, 0(7):  64-73.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.07.009
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    With the evolution of smart grids and new energy systems,as well as the widespread deployment of electric vehicle charging infrastructure,the applicability of traditional residual current sensors in complex electrical environments is increasingly limited.A fluxgate type B residual current sensor is designed,which uses a fluxgate current transformer to collect residual current signals and an MCU to identify and judge the signals.According to the requirements of GB/T 22794—2017 standard,the fluxgate type B residual current sensor can detect sinusoidal AC residual current of 1kHz and below 1kHz,smooth DC,pulsating DC residual current generated by two-phase or three-phase rectifier circuits,pulsating DC residual current with hysteresis angles of 0°,90°,and 135°,and composite wave residual current among others.Experimental testing shows that the prototype can effectively detect and identify AC and DC residual current signals,and meet the relevant requirements of national standards in terms of test accuracy and response speed.

    Analysis and Research on Short Circuit Technology of Molded Case Circuit Breaker Based on Patents
    Quan Jiaqing
    2026, 0(7):  74-86.  doi:10.16628/j.cnki.2095-8188.2026.07.010
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    The breaking capacity of molded case circuit breaker (MCCB) can be improved by series connection and parallel connection between poles.The commonly used DC MCCBs are derived from the AC MCCB through pole to pole short circuit.The short circuit technologies of MCCB are analyzed and summarized based on patents,hoping to be helpful for patent engineers in judging the novelty and inventive step of new technology,and for researchers in exploring innovative ideas for new technologies and applying existing technologies.