Abstract:

To enhance the consumption of high-penetration renewable energy and promote regional decarbonization,a generalized energy storage model for the synthesis of methanol via electrolysis of hydrogen is established to participate in the dispatch of a virtual power plant (VPP).A hierarchical optimization strategy for VPP considering multiple flexible loads is proposed.In the upper-level model,the generalized energy storage tracks the wind and solar power generation and absorbs part of the output.The mid-level model flexibly adjusts the load through time-of-use pricing and incentives.The lower-level model ensures the balance of power supply and demand in VPP through the thermal power units,the generalized energy storage,and the external electricity transactions.The CPLEX commercial solver is used to analyze and solve the proposed model.By comparing multiple VPP schemes,it is demonstrated that the proposed strategy effectively promotes the consumption of renewable energy,enhances the low-carbon benefits of VPP,and provides the important theoretical guidance for engineering practice.

Key words: virtual power plant (VPP), generalized energy storage, three-layer model, time-of-use price, simulation verification